Trust in Sources of Soil and Water Quality Information: Implications for Environmental Outreach and Education

Public trust in organizations focused on improving environmental quality is important for increasing awareness and changing behaviors that have water quality implications. Few studies have addressed trust in soil and water quality information sources, particularly for both agricultural and nonagricultural respondents of the same watersheds. Surveys in 19 watersheds across five states in the Midwest assessed trust in, and familiarity with, soil and water quality information sources. Overall, respondents most trusted University Extension, Soil and Water Conservation Districts, and the Natural Resource Conservation Service, while lawn care companies, environmental groups, and land trusts were less trusted. Significant differences in trusted sources were found between watersheds, and between agricultural and nonagricultural respondents across and within watersheds. Among agricultural respondents, a clear relationship exists between familiarity and trust; as familiarity with an organization increases, so too does level of trust. This relationship is less clear‐cut for nonagricultural respondents in this region. We highlight implications of these findings for soil and water quality outreach efforts.     

城市开发区大气环境影响评价研究--以扬州市经济技术开发区为例

对开发区进行环境影响评价是开发区可持续发展的需要。大气作为环境的重要要素，其状况优劣对开发区的发展及布局都产生较大的影响，因而大气环境影响评价是环境影响评价体系中不可缺少的组成部分。如何进行开发区的大气环境影响评价，国内已取得了不少经验，但仍在探索之中。对城市开发区大气环境影响评价的内容和方法进行了探讨；以扬州市经济技术开发区为例，进行了分析、预测和评价，对环境评价中的公众参与环节进行了有益的探索与尝试；对开发区进行了大气功能区划分，给出了开发区大气主要污染物总量控制方案；最后，针对扬州市经济技术开发区的实情，在产业发展方向、项目规划布局、能源使用、绿化、环境管理以及土地管理等方面提出了环境保护的对策和建议。     

基于“弓弦箭模型”的地区公共卫生风险测度与评价

为评估我国各地区的公共卫生风险,基于"弓弦箭模型",从划分功能性指标和标志性指标入手,构建公共卫生风险评价指标体系。运用SPSS软件,对指标数据进行主成分分析,测度中国内地31个省区市的公共卫生风险指数,找出影响公共卫生安全的最主要因子,研究了我国各省市公共卫生风险的排序及地区发展不平衡的特征,并为我国公共卫生安全较高风险和高风险地区改善安全状况提供启示意义。结果表明卫生资源和经济因子、婴幼保健因子和传染病控制因子是影响公共卫生风险的最主要因子,中西部地区公共卫生风险较高。     

THE SOCIAL CONTEXT OF WESTERN WATER DEVELOPMENT1

ABSTRACT: Social scientists were included in the planning and design for an integrated, trans-basin water resource project. Within this complex project, a socioeconomic impact assessment (SIA) concentrated on identifying the social, political, and economic issues and potential impacts inherent in developing a city's water rights. Before the SIA began, some of the development alternatives had already generated widespread hostility and organized opposition from communities within the watershed. The SIA involved residents of affected communities in the study design and project planning. The study found a number of components that constituted the concerns, beliefs, and expectations about perceived, potential impacts that might result from the different alternatives. In most cases these issues constituted threats to valued environmental resources, valued community resources, the social environment, the economic base, and a secure future. The social science component was a key factor in the ultimate decision to pursue a particular alternative which was sensitive to the social and political issues, minimized environmental and socioeconomic impacts, and ultimately had support among the communities potentially affected. The experience from this case study suggests that the approach used can be applied successfully in the planning of other water development projects and result in cooperation from the wide range of interest groups that often present costly obstacles to such projects.     

试论地震预测预报的公关宣传策略

从社会科学的公共关系学和公关心理学理论并结合地震探索的实践上对地震预测预报问题进行了讨论。指出过去对该科学领域的评价与宣传报道有不尽完善之处。文中尝试给出了关于地震能否预测, 如何评价等敏感问题的公关宣传策略。     

环境辐射有关问题的讨论

本文论述了与环境辐射有关的问题。根据其剂量当量和危险水平,讨论了公众剂量限值的实践性     

ADAPTING THE LAW OF WATER MANAGEMENT TO GLOBAL CLIMATE CHANGE AND OTHER HYDROPOLITICAL STRESSES1

ABSTRACT: Existing legal regimes for the management of water resources are already stressed by changing technologies and growing populations. There is little reason for doubt that today the planet is undergoing significant and even alarming climate change. In the past such global climatic changes had dramatic effects on water resource availability with disastrous consequences for many human communities. Today's climate changes can be managed without such disastrous consequences for present day communities only if there are major reforms to existing water law regimes at the local, national, and international levels. In particular, at the local and national levels, water resources must be treated as public property rather than as common or private property. At the international level, water must be managed at the drainage basin level rather than according to national boundaries that largely ignore rational water management criteria. At all levels, care must be given to decentralizing decision making and to use economic incentives insofar as possible, without, however, mistaking economic incentives for markets. The public nature of water resources precludes true markets as a significant management tool.     

发展中国家环境影响评价的现状分析与对策研究

从ＥＩＡ的环境立法、环境管理、实施对象、执行程序等方面分析了发展中国家的环境影响评价现状,并提出相应对策：①关注机构建设;②建立ＥＩＡ 信息资源中心;③加大公众参与程度;④加强开发区域环境影响评价研究     

加强高校干部队伍群众监督实践的探讨

加强干部队伍监督管理是高校组织工作的一个重要方面，群众监督将发挥其无法替代的作用。本文对高校干部队伍监督管理的目标、内容、重点，以及在高校干部管理中的特点及难点作了分析，对完善领导干部监督机制，特别是对其中的群众监督的实践进行了深入思考和探索。     

论公众参与环境影响评价的意义及法律保障

环境保护问题,是任何一个国家经济发展过程中所不可回避的.环境影响评价制度就是预防环境污染的一项重要制度,该项制度作用的发挥取决于环评过程中公众参与的效果.公众参与的意义在于有利于贯彻执行可持续发展战略和提高决策质量.可以采取如下措施确保公众参与的顺利实现,首先是确立环评信息公开制度.其次是明确公众参与形式.再次是规定相关法律责任,提高违法成本.